第三節(jié)：閱讀理解題 閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)(共10小
題;每小題1分，滿分10分)。
(一) Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. “It’s iniquitous,” they say, “that this entirely
unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays…” The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc. , from an advertisement. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper?
A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities. We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programs is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price! Another thing we mustn’t forget is the “small ads.” which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch, match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!
1、 What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Advertisement.
B.The benefits of advertisement.
C.Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.
D.The costs of advertisement.
參考答案：C
本題詳解：主旨大義題。由文章先討論了登廣告人覺得廣告需要被指責(zé)，但是，”It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap.”作者轉(zhuǎn)折指出正是因?yàn)閺V告我們的貨物才如此便宜，進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)折，” But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.”我們也忽視了廣告具有的其他作用，即為社區(qū)服務(wù)，之后所有的文字都是描寫廣告是如何為社區(qū)服務(wù)的，所以選C。
2、The attitude of the author toward advertisers is_______.
A.appreciative
B.trustworthy
C.critical
D.dissatisfactory
參考答案：A
本題詳解：推理判斷題。從作者的兩次轉(zhuǎn)折可以看出來(lái)。
3、Why do the critics criticize advertisers?
A.Because advertisers often brag.
B.Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”.
C.Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.
D.Because customers pay more.
參考答案：A
本題詳解：細(xì)節(jié)題，由” Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around.”得出A。
4、Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everything.
B.We can buy what we want.
C.Good quality products don’t need to be advertised.
D.Advertisement makes our life colorful.
參考答案：C
本題詳解：推理判斷題。C 與文章主旨不符，顯然錯(cuò)誤。
5、The passage is_______.
A.Narration
B. Description
C. Criticism
D.Argumentation
參考答案：C
本題詳解：主旨大義題。C 是中性詞，指的是評(píng)論文章，本文不是敘事文，也不是描述文，也不是辯論文，
選C。
(二) Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5,000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States. More than 135,000 demonstrators confronted police on the construction site of a 1,000-megawatt nuclear power plant scheduled to provide power to most of southern New Hampshire. Organizers of the huge demonstration said, the protest was continuing despite the police actions. More demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the project. The demonstrator had charged that the project was unsafe in the densely populated area, would create thermal pollution in the bay, and had no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters. The demonstrations would go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial system would collapse. Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the power project and no delay in its construction set for completion in three years. “This project will begin on time and the people of this state will begin to receive its benefits on schedule. Those who break the law in misguided attempts to sabotage the project will be dealt with according to the law,” he said. And police called in reinforcements from all over the state to handle the disturbances. The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through police lines around the cordoned-off construction site. They carried placards that read “No Nukes is Good Nukes,” “Sunpower, Not Nuclear Power,” and “Stop Private Profits from Public Peril.” They defied police order to move from the area. Tear gas canisters fired by police failed to dislodge the protestors who had come prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths. Finally gas-masked and helmeted police charged into the crowd to drag off the demonstrators one by one. The protestors did not resist police, but refused to walk away under their own power. Those arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly, trespassing, and disturbing the peace.
1、What were the demonstrators protesting about?
A. Private profits.
B.Nuclear Power Station.
C.The project of nuclear power construction.
D.Public peril.
參考答案：C
本題詳解：】細(xì)節(jié)題。由” More demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the project…wasters”得出。
2、Who had gas-masks?
A. Everybody.
B.A part of the protestors.
C.Policemen.
D. Both B and C.
參考答案：D
本題詳解：細(xì)節(jié)題�！盩ear gas canisters fired by police failed to dislodge the protestors who had come prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths... one by one.”指出了a part of the protestors
有g(shù)as-masks,而 policemen 為了使用催淚瓦斯也應(yīng)當(dāng)有。所以選D。
3、 Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration?
A.Public transportation.
B.Public peril.
C.Pollution.
D.Disposal of wastes.
參考答案：A
本題詳解：細(xì)節(jié)題。由” The demonstrator had charged that…its radioactive wasters.”和” They carried placards that read “No Nukes is Good Nukes,” “ Sunpower, Not Nuclear Power,” and “Stop Private Profits from Public Peril.”得出BCD 都提到了，只有A 沒提到，所以選A.
4、With whom were the jails and courts overloaded?
A. With prisoners.
B.With arrested demonstrators.
C. With criminals.
D. With protestors.
參考答案：B
本題詳解：推理判斷題�！盩hose arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly, trespassing, and disturbing the peace.”得出。
5、 What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the
demonstration?
A. Stubborn.
B.Insistent.
C. Insolvable.
D.Remissible.
參考答案：A
本題詳解：推理判斷題。由 ” Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the power project and no delay …said.”得知政府的態(tài)度是固執(zhí)的，選A。
第四節(jié)：寫作：(1 題;滿分10 分)
1、以O(shè)n Aging of the population 為題，寫一篇長(zhǎng)為120-150 詞的小作文。
參考答案：Aging of the population People in China are living longer and longer while new babies are insufficient to take place of them. As a result, china has become an aging society, with the population over 60 reaching 134 million, or more than 10 percent of the country’s 1.3 billion total. The aging of the population is putting more and more serious pressure on both society and family. National expenditure for the aging population is always on the increase. To make matters worse, a declining proportion of the working population is likely to hinder the economic development. As for the young couples, they are struggling harder and harder to support their old parents while raising their children at the same time. Among the following three ways to address, the first is to pay due attention to guaranteeing the basic living standards of the elderly and safeguarding their legitimate rights and interests. Secondly, the elderly should be given full chance to play an active role in our social life and make a contribution to the whole society. Last, but not least, we should persist in our efforts to develop the market which provides products for the elderly and stimulate the growth of our economy.
第三部分：英語(yǔ)課程與教學(xué)理論知識(shí)說(shuō)明：本部分測(cè)試考生對(duì)英語(yǔ)課程與教學(xué)理論知識(shí)掌握情況，本部分共14小題，共30分，分為四節(jié)。第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇填空;第二節(jié)：填空題;第三節(jié)：簡(jiǎn)答題;第四節(jié)：論
述題。
第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇填空(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)。
1、英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了小學(xué)階段二級(jí)的語(yǔ)音知識(shí)具體目標(biāo)。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音知識(shí)涵蓋語(yǔ)音的認(rèn)讀、音節(jié)的識(shí)別、
詞匯的辨認(rèn)、_______、句子的理解，也涵蓋語(yǔ)調(diào)、節(jié)奏、音重和語(yǔ)流運(yùn)作的規(guī)律
A.語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)的感知
B.語(yǔ)法的認(rèn)知
C.目標(biāo)的獲取
D.語(yǔ)義的判斷
參考答案：D
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
2、一般而言，中小學(xué)英語(yǔ)單元教材可以分為三大系統(tǒng)，它們主次分明，_______是源，作業(yè)系統(tǒng)和圖表系統(tǒng)是流，三者相輔相成。
A.非文本系統(tǒng)
B.主題系統(tǒng)
C.知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)
D.文本符號(hào)系統(tǒng)
參考答案：B
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
3、 英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)不盡相同，英語(yǔ)是_______。就英語(yǔ)閱讀過(guò)程而言，閱讀首先是個(gè)體把文字符號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為語(yǔ)音碼的過(guò)程;其次，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音與字母或字母組合有著相對(duì)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系 ，其語(yǔ)音操作由語(yǔ)義潛勢(shì);其三，語(yǔ)音是
短時(shí)工作記憶的載體。
A.語(yǔ)言符號(hào)系統(tǒng)
B.音節(jié)文字系統(tǒng)
C.拼音文字系統(tǒng)
D.表意文字系統(tǒng)
參考答案：C
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
4、 Austin 和Searle 的學(xué)說(shuō)是“任務(wù)型”教學(xué)研究一個(gè)十分重要的理論來(lái)源。 Searle 認(rèn)為，語(yǔ)言交際單位不是單詞或句子等語(yǔ)言單位，而是_______。
A.語(yǔ)言行為
B.言語(yǔ)行為
C.文字符號(hào)
D.心理表征
參考答案：B
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
5、 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)_______ 對(duì)新知識(shí)沒有任何明確的計(jì)劃和要求，它是一個(gè)將聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫、玩、表、唱等形式融為一體的英語(yǔ)課。
A.活動(dòng)課
B.綜合課
C.口語(yǔ)課
D.鞏固復(fù)習(xí)課
參考答案：A
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
第二節(jié)：填空題(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)。
1、 Theory is ______ in the practice of language teaching. It reveals itself in the assumptions underlying practice, in the planning of a course of study, in the routines of the classroom, in the value judgements about language teaching, and in the decisions that the language teacher has to make day by day.
參考答案：implicit
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
2、The ______ view of language sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems: the sound system (phonology); the discrete units of meaning produced by sound combinations (morphology); and the system of combining units of meaning for communication (syntax).
參考答案：structural
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
3、____ learning emphasizes the task rather than the language in learning process.
參考答案：Task-based
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
4、 PPP stands for Presentation, Practice and _____. In PPP method classes or sequences, the teacher presents the context and situation for the language, and both explains and demonstrates the meaning and form of the new language. The students then practice making sentences before going on to another stage in which they talk or write more freely.
參考答案：Production
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
5、The _____ theory of language learning was initiated by the psychologist Skinner, who applied Watson and Raynor’s theory of conditioning to the way humans acquire languages
參考答案：behaviourist
本題詳解：暫無(wú)
第三節(jié)：簡(jiǎn)答題(共3小題;每小題5分，滿分15分)。
1、基礎(chǔ)教育階段英語(yǔ)課程的總目標(biāo)是什么?它建立在哪幾個(gè)方面的基礎(chǔ)上?每個(gè)方面都起什么作用?
參考答案： 英語(yǔ)課程目標(biāo)按照國(guó)際通用的能力水平設(shè)為九個(gè)級(jí)別。從三年級(jí)開設(shè)英語(yǔ)課程的學(xué)校，三、四年級(jí)應(yīng)完成一級(jí)目標(biāo)，五、六年級(jí)完成二級(jí)目標(biāo)，七-九年級(jí)分別完成三、四、五級(jí)目標(biāo)，高中階段完成六、
七、八級(jí)目標(biāo)，第九級(jí)為外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校和外語(yǔ)特色學(xué)校高中畢業(yè)課程目標(biāo)的指導(dǎo)級(jí)，該級(jí)別也可以作為部分學(xué)校少數(shù)英語(yǔ)特長(zhǎng)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)教育階段的培養(yǎng)方向。
2、英語(yǔ)課程目標(biāo)按照國(guó)際通用的能力水平設(shè)立幾個(gè)級(jí)別?各級(jí)別都適用于哪個(gè)年級(jí)?
參考答案：基礎(chǔ)教育階段英語(yǔ)課程的總目標(biāo)是什么?它建立在哪幾個(gè)方面的基礎(chǔ)上?每個(gè)方面都起什么作用?
基礎(chǔ)教育階段英語(yǔ)課程的總體目標(biāo)是：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的形成建立在學(xué)生語(yǔ)言技能、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、情感態(tài)度、學(xué)習(xí)策略和文化意識(shí)等素養(yǎng)整體發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上。語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和語(yǔ)言技能是得體運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的保證。情感態(tài)度是影響學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展的重要因素，學(xué)習(xí)策略是提高學(xué)習(xí)效率、發(fā)展自主學(xué)習(xí)能力的保證。
3、請(qǐng)闡述小學(xué)階段聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫語(yǔ)言技能之間的關(guān)系。
參考答案：聽是分辨和理解話語(yǔ)的能力，即聽并理解口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的含義;說(shuō)是運(yùn)用口語(yǔ)表達(dá)思想，輸出信息的能力;讀是辨認(rèn)和理解書面語(yǔ)言，即辨認(rèn)文字符號(hào)并將文字符號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為有意義的信息輸入的能力;寫是運(yùn)用書面表達(dá)思想，輸出信息的能力。第四節(jié)：論述題15%
第四節(jié)：論述題(1題，滿分15分)。
1、論英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)中生詞量和語(yǔ)法難易度控制，并舉例說(shuō)明。
參考答案： 對(duì)中小學(xué)生而言，英語(yǔ)閱讀既是意義事件，又是語(yǔ)言事件。生詞量和語(yǔ)法難易度是衡量語(yǔ)篇可讀性的重要指標(biāo)，于是，生詞量和語(yǔ)法難易度成了英語(yǔ)教材編制和閱讀教學(xué)的重要參數(shù)。英語(yǔ)生詞量的多寡，語(yǔ)法難易度的高低直接影響著讀者對(duì)篇章的理解和語(yǔ)義建構(gòu)，也影響著個(gè)體語(yǔ)言能力的發(fā)展。過(guò)多的生詞和過(guò)難的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目使語(yǔ)篇理解變得更加困難，甚至使語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)義無(wú)法建構(gòu)。 不同類型的閱讀有不同的生詞量要求和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作為精讀課閱讀語(yǔ)篇的生詞量一般低于有效閱讀詞匯總量的3%;作為泛讀閱讀語(yǔ)篇的生詞量一般低于有效閱讀詞匯總量的1%。如果教材的生詞總量過(guò)大，首先，教師應(yīng)在教學(xué)中適當(dāng)增加閱讀量，以便降低閱讀的生詞量，減少有生詞量過(guò)大而造成的閱讀障礙;其次，根據(jù)生詞的難易度和頻度，把英語(yǔ)詞匯的記憶與理解融進(jìn)聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫、譯等語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)之中。從而減輕學(xué)生記憶上的負(fù)擔(dān)，提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。 語(yǔ)法難易度也是英語(yǔ)閱讀與閱讀教學(xué)不可忽視的問(wèn)題。語(yǔ)法既是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言功能的存在，又是元語(yǔ)言功能的存在。教學(xué)中教師要根據(jù)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)分析語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的可學(xué)性，由淺入深，由易至難，由簡(jiǎn)單到復(fù)雜，循序漸進(jìn)，控制英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教學(xué)中的難度。讓學(xué)生在例示中理解和感知語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，在句子和語(yǔ)篇中操練語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，在不同的語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)中提煉語(yǔ)法意識(shí)。 語(yǔ)言是意義和結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)合體，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展總是與結(jié)構(gòu)和意義相伴而行。通過(guò)閱讀學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，以閱讀控制語(yǔ)法難度，體悟語(yǔ)法意義和功能，提煉學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法意識(shí)，又以語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)促進(jìn)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)閱讀能力的發(fā)展，使英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)與閱讀技能的發(fā)展相得益彰不失為英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)的有效途徑。(考生必須舉例說(shuō)明)