Nobody can tell exactly why people first began to use salt, 11.

but it is well�瞜nown that salt has used in many different ways 12.

throughout history. People who lived over 3000 years ago ate salted13.

fish. In ancient Egypt, salt was used to preserve dying bodies. 14.

Stealing salt were regarded as a serious crime in different 15.

times. In the 18th century, for example, a person was 16.

caught stealing salt, he was put into the prison. In the 17.

Roman Empire, one of the most important road was built 18.

specially for salt to be carried from the mines to Rome.

Guards were sent to protect the salt from stolen.19.

The guards got their pay in salt,from which the

English word “salary” originated.Any guard fell asleep 20.

while on duty was said to be “not worth his salt”.This

is still used today in English.

Ⅳ.Translation 30%

Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese.

Throughout history,great thinkers have used their creativity and imagination to change the world,How do they come up with ideas for new inventions?Thinkers who have changed the world,do not seem to have much in common.They come from different cultures and have different backgrounds ,and only some of them did well at school.creativity is not about getting high test scores,having a high IQ or being smart.Instead,it seems that Creative thinking,which is one of the most highly valued skills in society,is a matter of habits.By thinking about the way we think and practising good thinking strategies,we can become more creative.

Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but we must also realise that what we have learnt may also limit our thinking. To “think outside the box” is to try new ways to solve a problem. Inventors often rephrase a problem to allow for creative solutions and also try “impossible” or “crazy” solutions. If we looks only for the correct answer and reject ideas that do not provide a complete answer, we may get stuck. Partial solutions,and even failures,give us more information and clues that help us move towards a better solution. Creative thinking is a conscious effort to break away from old thought patterns in order to explore new possibilities.

Good solutions and new ideas are often the result of a change in perception. By looking at a problem in as many ways as possible, creative thinkers can find solutions that would otherwise remain invisible. As with thinking outside the box, the process includes a series of different attempts and several false starts. Each new way of looking at a situation improves our understanding and makes it easier to discover new possibilities. Great thinkers also like to make their ideas visible. A drawing or a model will help you see things that may otherwise remain hidden.

Every new thought or idea has to be connected to what we already know. Unfortunately, it is easy to limit the possibilities of a new idea by connecting it to only one area of our previous knowledge. Great thinkers are aware of this and try to combine new and old ideas in as many different ways as possible. They also try to make connections that may seem strange at first. By comparing and connecting ideas and objects in new ways, creative thinkers are able to think of new applications and solutions. Many of the things that we use every day were invented by someone who saw similarities between his or her ideas and objects or systems in the world.

Ⅴ.Writing 30%

Directions:What do you think of the middle school education in China? Please write a composition about 100~150 words.

【參考答案】

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure

1.D 【解析】現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，由我無法找到這個當前的結(jié)果可看出應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。

2.D 【解析】but表轉(zhuǎn)折，由后半句“他現(xiàn)在非常喜歡踢足球”可看出，他過去常常打籃球。used to do sth.意為“過去常常干某事”。

3.B 【解析】四個選項中就B是水上運動。

4.B 【解析】兩者之間用between。

5.D 【解析】make contribution to doing sth.意為“為……做貢獻”，to在這里是介詞，故其后用ing形式。

6.A 【解析】have/has been to…意為“去過某地”;have/has gone to…意為“去了某地”。

7.A 【解析】由后面的they可判斷出，照片不止一張，故用復數(shù)，photo的復數(shù)形式是photos。

8.D 【解析】中國第一大島是臺灣，海南是第二大島。

9.C 【解析】live with意為“與……一起生活”;feed on意為“以……為食”;eat at意為“折磨”。

10.B 【解析】have difference from意為“與……存在區(qū)別”，由many可看出不止一個不同，故用differences。

11.A 【解析】yet和already都表示已經(jīng)、還的意思，yet用于否定句和疑問句，already用于肯定句。

12.C 【解析】略。

13.D 【解析】由than看出，此句應(yīng)用比較級，much可以用來修飾比較級。

14.A 【解析】略。

15.B 【解析】go on doing sth.意為“繼續(xù)干某事”。

16.B 【解析】略。

17.C 【解析】本句的意思是“我正跟他談話時想到了這個主意。”

18.B 【解析】at that time意為“在那個時候”，用過去進行時。

19.D 【解析】do代替動詞come。

20.B 【解析】do you know后面的從句應(yīng)用陳述語句。

21.A 【解析】for the fist time意為“第一次”。

22.D 【解析】some other things意為“其他一些東西”。

23.C 【解析】hang表示掛時，過去式為hung;表示絞死時，過去式為hanged。

24.A 【解析】作為速度來說，介詞用at。

25.D 【解析】advice為不可數(shù)名詞，故用單數(shù)形式。

26.C 【解析】hardly意為“幾乎不”，study hard意為“學習刻苦”。

27.B 【解析】before long意為“不久以后，在短時間內(nèi)”。

28.A 【解析】由since看出應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，happen為不及物動詞，不能用被動語態(tài)。

29.B 【解析】at a time意為“每次”，本句的意思是“每次只能有一匹馬通過這個門”。

30.C 【解析】go wrong意為“誤入歧途”;go away意為“離開”;go bad意為“腐爛”;go well意為“變好”。

31.D 【解析】由后一句該走了可判斷出前一句是問對方準備好沒有，故選D。

32.B 【解析】like to do 一般是一次性的動作、狀態(tài);like doing sth是習慣、慣常的動作。

33.D 【解析】try on意為“試穿”，代詞置于兩者中間。

34.B 【解析】本題考查情景對話，當對方無法回答你的問題時，應(yīng)說thank you all the same。

35.C 【解析】略。

36.C 【解析】本句意為“你喜歡哪天就哪天”。

37.C 【解析】略。

38.A 【解析】advanced device意為“先進設(shè)備”，東西是被隱藏，故用過去分詞。

39.B 【解析】略。

40.A 【解析】have effect on意為“對……有影響”。

Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension

1-5 BDDAC6-10 DBDCA11-15 BDDDC

Ⅲ.Proofreading and Error Correction

1.extreme→extremely2.proud→proud of3.√4.taking→taken5.out→out of

6.it→them7.being去掉8.then→when9.gentle→gently10.was→was so

11.why→when12.has→was13.√14.dying→dead15.were→was

16.a→if a17.第一個the去掉18.road→roads19.from→from being

20.guard→guard who

Ⅳ.Translation

【參考答案】縱觀歷史，偉大的思想家用他們的創(chuàng)造力和想象力改變了世界。他們那些新發(fā)明的想法是怎樣來的呢?改變世界的思想家似乎沒有多少共同之處。他們來自不同的文化，有著不同的背景，并且他們中僅有一部分人學業(yè)優(yōu)異。創(chuàng)造力并不意味著在考試中得高分、高智商或很聰明。相反，作為一種社會上評價極高的技能，創(chuàng)造性思維似乎是一種習慣。通過反思我們的思維方式，鍛煉良好的思維模式，我們可以變得更具創(chuàng)造力。

如果我們想獲得成功，知識和學習是非常重要的，但是我們也應(yīng)該知道，我們了解和學到的東西也可能限制我們的思維。“新思維新思想”就是嘗試解決問題的新方法。發(fā)明家常常會換一種說法來表達一個問題，考慮那些具有創(chuàng)造性的解決方法，嘗試一些“不可能的”或者“不實際的”解決辦法。如果我們僅是為了尋找正確答案，且拒絕那些不能提供完整答案的想法，那么我們將會被困住。局部解決方案，甚至是失敗，都可以給我們提供更多的信息和線索，以便我們找到一種更好的解決辦法。創(chuàng)造性思維是一種有意識的努力，以此來打破舊的思維模式，開發(fā)新的可能性。

好的解決方案和新想法通常是改變一種觀念的結(jié)果。通過從盡可能多的角度來看待一個問題，富有創(chuàng)造力的思想家可以發(fā)現(xiàn)在其他情況下可能覺察不了的答案。正如突破常規(guī)思考一樣，這個換個角度看問題的過程涉及到一系列不同的嘗試和一些錯誤的開端。每一種考慮情況的新方法都能加深我們的理解，使我們更容易發(fā)現(xiàn)新的可能性。偉大的思想家也喜歡讓人看到他們的想法。一幅圖畫或一個模型將幫助你看到在其他情況下隱藏著的東西。

每一個新思想或新思路都會與我們已有的知識聯(lián)系起來，不幸的是，僅把這些新想法或新思路與我們已有知識的一個領(lǐng)域聯(lián)系起來將很容易限制它們實現(xiàn)的可能性。偉大的思想家了解到這一點，并且設(shè)法把新思想與舊知識以盡可能多的不同方式聯(lián)系起來。他們也嘗試進行一些起初看來很奇怪的聯(lián)系。通過新方法比較和聯(lián)系思想與目標，富有創(chuàng)造性的思想家能夠想出新的應(yīng)用和解決辦法。我們現(xiàn)在每天使用的許多東西都是由那些發(fā)現(xiàn)其想法與世間對象或系統(tǒng)相似性的人發(fā)明的。

Ⅴ.Writing

【參考答案】略。